Tapestry-loom.



W. H. COOPER & C. H. COLLINS.

' TAPESTRY Loom.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 24. I916.

1 265,61 6 Patented May 7, 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

W. H. COOPER & C. H. COLLINS.

TAPESTRY LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 24,1916.

Patnted May 7,1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2 Q NR1 W. H. COOPER & C. H. CZOLLINS.

TAPESTRY LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 24. I916.

Patented May 7, 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- ux 55 H55 Inven or;

W. H. COOPER 8; C. H. COLLINS.

TAFESTRY LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 24. I916.

Patented: May 7,1918.

4; SHEETS-SHEET 4.

4" PICK 3 PICK 2' PICK I PICK snares Parana omnrola WILLIME HILL COOPER,OF AMSTERDAM, AND CHARLES H. COLLINS, OF ALBANY, NEW

YORK, ASSIGNORS T0 S. SANFORD & SONS, INC., 01? AMSTERDAM, NEW YORK, ACOR- POTION OF NEW YORK.

menswea -Loon.

Patented May 7, 11911,

Application filed July 24, 1916. Serial No. 110,902.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, WILLIAM H. Coornn and CHARLES H. COLLINS, each acitizen of the United States of America, the said nL- LIAM H. COOPERresiding at Amsterdam, in the county of Montgomery and State of NewYork, and the said CHARLES H. COLLINS residin at Albany, in the countyof Albany and tate of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Tapestry-Looms, of which the following is aspecification.

Our invention relates to tapestry looms, and the object of our inventionis to provide an improvement in tapestry weaving looms, whereby theborder yarn and body yarn may be woven into the tapestry together withthe jute and pile threads, and means for causing either the border yarnor the body yarn to be exposed or buried as desired in order to form theproper pattern or design of the woven tapestry; together with such otherelements and combinations as are hereinafter more particularly set forthand claimed.

We accomplish these objects by means of the mechanism illustrated in theaccompanyin? drawings, in which:

igure 1 is a side elevation of a tapestry loom, partly in section,provided with our invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view, partly in elevation, showing the means foroperating the heddle frames.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation showing the position of the yarns and heddleframes during the first cycle when the border yarn is brought to thesurface.

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the heddle frames, showing the position ofthe yarns during the second cycle, when the body yarn is brought to thesurface.

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the heddle frames, showing the arn-When adifierent tapestry is being ma e from that shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view, with parts broken away, of the tapestry incourse of manufacture, showing the first and second cycles.

Fi 7 is a perspective view of a rug, showing t e outline thereof.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

In the manufacture of tapestry Brussels carpets and rugs, the presentprocess is .to wind the plain worsted yarn onto large drums varying fromfive to eighteen feet in diameter. Each drum when filled with the plainor worsted yarn represents one thread in the pattern or design runninglengthwise of the rug. A. great number of drums, by this process, haveto be printed and every one difi'erently to complete the design. Theprinting of these yarns or threads is a long, tedious and expensiveoperation. After the yarn is printed it is taken off the drum, steamed,washed and dried, all requiring separate operations. The long printedskeins of yarns are then wound on small spools and taken to a machinecalled a setting frame. Each individual spool placed on said settingframe represents one thread of the design, and the 'difi'erent processesthrough which the yarn is to go after being printed causes the difierentthreads to come at difierent lengths. This difi'erence in length iscaused by their not drying alike, or the drums are not exactly of thesame size, or the yarn may be stretched by being spooled before beingprinted; and sometimes the chemicals affect the length of the yarn. Inthe practice at this well-knownprocess in order to get the designproperly, it is set on a machine called a setting frame. Each thread isbrought to its proper position and clamped, all of which requires timeand attention and adds to the cost of the fabric.

One very popular rug is that which is shown in outline in Fig. 7, whichis'usually 9X12 feet and has for its center, M, some solid color, withthe border, L, of a darker shade running all around it.

It is a very simple matter to get the desired efiect with dyed yarn sofar as the design is concerned, running lengthwise of the portion, L, L,as all it would be necessary to do would be to wind the plain colorsonto the large beam with the threads placed in their proper order. Thebeam will then be filled without any more labor. But on account of thedark border or band, L, running crosswise of the design, it is necessaryto put the dyed yarn through the exact operation it would require if theyarn were of white or plain threads. This would mean the drum printingand pattern setting operations.

By our invention applied to a tapestry Brussels loom, we are able tomake a perfectly demgl ed fabric which has the appearance of ill) ' nopart of which is liable to be'afiected by body Brussels or Axminstergoods in which we use all dyed yarn instead of surface and bury' thebody yarn and at the same time weave into the carpet or rug the bodyarns, brin ing them, the body yarns, to e surface an burying the borderyarns, when that part of the rug, which will be the central portion, isbeing woven.

This makes a very strong, serviceable rug,

shrmking or otherwise from causes growing out of the old method'ofprocedure as hereinbefore set forth.

. We will now proceed to describe our infvention, referring to theseveral figures.

In-F1g. 1 we show the frame, A, of the machine provided with the beam B,carrying theborder yarn; the beam, carrying the body yarn; the beam, D,carrjimg the jute, and the double beam, E,'whic carries a double chainof cotton yarn. F, is a spike roller and G, the take-up roll. We rovidefive heddle frames. heddle; 11, is the border yarn heddle; 12, is thejute heddle; 13, is one of the cotton yarn heddles, and 14, is the othercotton yarn heddle. H, is the pile wire, and J, is a shuttle. K is areed.

In order to roduce a, rug such as that shown in Fig. 2, we must have theborder yarn brought to the surface along the border, L, L, of the rug,and the body yarn brought to the surface along the portion, M, 0 maywish to weave into the rug the body yarn, jute and cotton chain as wellas the border yarn. 3

We will now proceed to describe the man ner of weaving the rug shown inFigs. 6 and 7.

'In the first pick, the, position of the heddles, pile wire, shuttle andyarns is shown at the left of Fig. 3 and also at the left of Fig. 6. Theborder yarn, N, from the beam, B, passes through the aperture in theborder yarn heddle frame, 11, and over the pile wire,-H. The body yarn,O, is buried beside the jute, P, and while the shuttle, J, is beneathboth the jute and body yarn, one of the cotton arns, a, is beneath thefilling thread, I), an the other cotton yarn, 0, is above the fillingthread, 6. This makes up the first pick.

The second pick isshown next to the right of the firstin Fig. 3. Whenthe border yarn, N, and the body yarn, O, are buried, one of the cottonarns, a, is below the filling thread and the ot er yarn, 0, is above.Between the second and third picks the yarns, a and a,

printed yarn, which makes a better fabric at a much 7 10, is the b0yyarn the rug, and at the same time we The fourth pick, at" the extremeright of Fig. 3, is just the same as the first ick. Now again the borderyarn is looped a ove the surface. This completes the first or borderyarn cycle, and is 're eated as many times as is necessary in or er toform, the border according to the plan or design.

In Fig. 4, we show the body yarn cycle. In the first pick, in which thebody yarn heddle, 10, is raised so as to form a loop, 0, the pile wire,H, passes under the ody yarn, 0, making the loop. The border yarn, N,slde by side with the jute, P, and the cotton yarns are woven into thefilling as in the case first above described. 7

The second pick and third pick are just I the same as the second andthird picks .of the border ,yarn,cycle. In the fourth pick the body yarnis looped again so that the heddle,-10, is raised the same as in thefirst pick of the second or body yarn cycle.

-' It will be noted that there is a difference in the height to whichthe heddles are raised in makin our rug. When it is necessa to make t eloop, as in the first and fourth picks, of each of the border and bodyyarn cycles, we raise the heddle carrying the yarn which it is desiredto'loop to the highest point; then, at the same time, we weave in thejute one of the cotton yarns together with either the body or borderyarn,-the one which we wish buried,--at a medium height of theirheddles, respectively, while the other cotton yarn heddle is down at thelowest position.

In Fig. 2, we show the device which is-an important part of ourinvention for thus providing for the proper position of the eddles. Tothe heddle, 10, is attached the rod, 7 connected with the lever, g,fulcrume at h. The lever, g, is attached to the rod, 7'. The end of thisrod is adapted to reciprocate in a slot, is, and housing, R, attached tothe cam lever, S. The opposite end of the heddle, 10, is connected withthe rod, f, which is connected to the lever, g, fulcrunied at h,which-"is connected with the'rod, 7", which is ada ted to reciprocate inthe opening, is, in sai housing, R.

The border yarn heddle, 11, has connected with it a rod, 20, which isconnected with a lever, 21', fulcrumed at k, which lever is connectedwith a rod, 22, adapted to reciprocate in an opening, 23, in thehousing, 24, on the cam lever, T; while the other end of the heddle, 11,is connected with the rod, 25, which is connected} to the lever, 26,which is fulcrumed at 7b, to the end of which is connected the rod, 27,which reciprocates in the opening, 28, in the housing, 24. The camlevers, S and T, engage the cam wheels, Yand Z, mounted on the camshaft, X. Oneach of the cam levers, we provide a hand-operated lockinghook, V, adapted to engage with a locking lug, p, one of which is on therod, 22, and the other on the rod, j. When we wish to raise the heddle,11, to its highest position, we lock the hook, V, over the lug, p, onthe rod, 22, and when the cam wheel, Z, is

-in the position shown in Fig. 2, the lever,

T, being depressed, the lug holding the end of the rod 22, to itsextreme inserted position in the housing, 24:, will rock the lever, 21,on its fulcrum, h, and draw the heddle, 11, to its highest position. Theheddle, 10, is not raised to its highest position since the hook,- V,thereon is out of engagement with the lug, p, and the housing will moveon the rod, j, causing the rod to operate the lever, 9, only far enoughto raise heddle, 10, to its intermediate position. There may be placed apin, 90, against which the hook, V, will engage when in the lockedposition, holding the hook in place, and a pin, 95, to keep the hookfrom falling when out of engagement with the locking lug, p. Thetendency of the heddles, 10 and 11, to fall to the lowest point in theshed when the hooks, V, are unlocked is overcome by the threads passingthrough the heddles which tend to support them; but to form a moresubstantial prevention we may place a bolt or pin, 98, projecting fromthe frame a sufiicient distance to enter the path of movement of thelevers, 21, and g, and thus act as a stop limiting the downward movementof the heddles.

The heddles, 12, 13 and 1a, are operated in the usual. manner in carpetweaving machines.

\Vhen a rug similar to that shown in Fig. 7 is woven, beginning, forinstance, at the left of the figure, by weaving the border, L, straightacross requiring a border yarn to be brought to the surface, the. weavewill be that shown at the left of Fig. 6 and marked Border yarn cycle.During this weaving the position of the several heddles in the severalpicks is indicated in Fig. 3.

" After the border, L, has been woven and we are to weave the border, L,body M, and border, L, the yarn from a beam containing the colorsrequired to thus produce the border and body is woven as shown in Fig.4, entitled Body yarn cycle, and which is illustrated also at the rightof Fig. 6. Thus,-

if the body. M, of the rug is to be green and the borders black, theyarn on the beam for use during the body yarn cycle willbe placed in theorder of black, green, black.

We have shown in Fig. 5 the position of the heddles and yarns for makinga twoshot fabric in which in the first pick, at the left of the figure,the border yarn, N, is looped the same as in the first pick in Fig. 3.

In the second pick both the border and body yarns are buried and thecotton yarn is on the surface; while in the third pick, when the borderyarn is looped and the jute and body yarn are on the surface, the cottonyarn, a, is depressed and the cotton yarn, c, is at the surface.

It is apparent that we can arrange these yarns in any desired order; butWhat we especially desire to accomplish is that of constructing figuredrugs out of dyed yarn, making the lines of demarcation straight, withoutdrum printing or setting the border ends.

What we claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patentis:

1. In a tapestry weaving loom, a series of heddles, one through whichthe border yarn passes and the other through which the body yarn passes;lever and rod connections with each of said border and body yarnheddles; cam operated levers; a housing carried by each of said levers;rods connected with each of said heddles, respectively, adapted toreciprocate in said housing; and means for locking each of said camlevers in connection with the rod connected with its housing,substantially as described.

2. In a tapestry loom provided with one or more border yarn beams, oneor more body yarn beams, jute and cotton beams mounted in the usualmanner; a series of heddle frames; heddles in said frames carrying thebody yarn, border yarn, jute and cotton yarns; a cam shaft; cam Wheelson said shaft; cam levers engaging said cam wheels; means for connectingthe border yarn heddle frame with the cam levers; means for connectingthe body yarn heddle frame to the cam levers; said connecting meansbeing adapted to permit of the motion of the cam levers without movingthe heddle frames; said connecting means provided with a lock which,when closed, causes the movement of the heddle frames under thedirection of the cam levers, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we have afixed our signatures in presence of twowitnesses.

WILLIAM HILL COOPER. CHARLES H. COLLINS.

Witnesses:

ROY J. Dr: LA MATER, WILLIAM H. SEALEY.

